Doug Wilson (athlete) and Silent Night: Difference between pages
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{{short description|1818 Christmas song}} |
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{{redirect2|Stille Nacht|Silent Night, Holy Night|the 1995 film|Stille Nacht (film){{!}}''Stille Nacht'' (film)|the 1976 film|Silent Night, Holy Night (film)}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}} |
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{{About|the Christmas carol}} |
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{{Use British English|date=May 2015}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}} |
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{{Infobox sportsperson |
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{{Infobox musical composition |
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| name = Doug Wilson |
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| name = Stille Nacht <br /> Silent Night |
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| image = |
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| type = [[Christmas carol]] |
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| caption = |
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| image = Stille nacht.jpg |
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| nationality = British (English) |
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| image_upright = 1.4 |
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| sport = [[Sport of athletics|Athletics]] |
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| |
| alt = |
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| caption = [[Autograph (manuscript)|Autograph]] (c. 1860) of the carol by Franz Gruber |
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| club = [[Polytechnic Harriers]] |
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| full_title = Silent Night, Holy Night |
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| birth_date = 28 January 1920 |
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| native_name = Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht |
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| birth_place = Islington, London, England |
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| native_name_lang = de |
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| death_date = 18 October 2010 (aged 90) |
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| text = [[Joseph Mohr]] |
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| death_place = Winchester, England |
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| language = German |
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| melody = [[Franz Xaver Gruber]] |
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| composed = |
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| performed = {{start date|df=yes|1818|12|24}} |
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| published = {{start date|1833}} |
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| movements = |
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| scoring = |
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| misc = |
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}} |
}} |
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"'''Silent Night'''" ({{langx|de|"'''Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht'''"|links=no|italic=no}}) is a popular [[Christmas carol]], composed in 1818 by [[Franz Xaver Gruber]] to lyrics by [[Joseph Mohr]] in [[Oberndorf bei Salzburg]], [[Austria]].<ref name="SI">{{cite web |last1=Daley |first1=Jason |title=It's the Bicentennial of 'Silent Night': The classic Christmas tune was first composed as a poem, and it was set to music for the first time in the winter of 1818 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/silent-night-celebrates-its-bicentennial-180971044/|work=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]|access-date=12 December 2020|date=17 December 2018}}</ref> It was declared an [[intangible cultural heritage]] by [[UNESCO]] in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://immaterielleskulturerbe.unesco.at/cgi-bin/unesco/element.pl?eid=68&lang=en|title=Österreichische UNESCO-Kommission – Nationalagentur für das Immaterielle Kulturerbe – Austrian Inventory|access-date=25 December 2014|archive-date=18 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151218094123/http://immaterielleskulturerbe.unesco.at/cgi-bin/unesco/element.pl?eid=68&lang=en|url-status=dead}}</ref> The song was first recorded in 1905<ref>{{cite news|first= Marita |last= Berg |title= Silent Night |work= [[Deutsche Welle]] |date= 15 December 2013 |access-date= 8 October 2020 |url= https://www.dw.com/en/silent-night/a-17295427}}</ref> and has remained a popular success, appearing in films and multiple successful recordings, as well as being quoted in other musical compositions. It is one of the most recorded Christmas songs, with more than 137,000 known recordings.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Malone |first1=Chris |title=Christmas Classics From Mariah Carey & Wham! Among Most-Recorded Holiday Songs |url=https://www.billboard.com/culture/lifestyle/mariah-carey-most-recorded-holiday-songs-8061679/|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=12 December 2023|date=5 December 2017}}</ref> |
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'''Douglas Gordon Wilson''' (28 January 1920 – 18 October 2010)<ref name="Obit">{{Cite press release|title = Doug Wilson 1920 - 2010|publisher = Kingston AC & Polytechnic Harriers|date = 2010-10-25|url = http://www.kingstonandpoly.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1170&Itemid=1|accessdate = 2010-10-28|archive-date = 4 March 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030915/http://www.kingstonandpoly.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1170&Itemid=1|url-status = dead}}</ref> was a British [[athletics (sport)|athlete]] who competed at the [[1948 Summer Olympics]]. |
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{{TOC limit|2}} |
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== Biography == |
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In London he competed in the [[Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics|men's 1500m]] event, but was eliminated in the opening round, placing fifth in his heat. He was born in [[Islington]] and was a member of the [[Polytechnic Harriers]] of London.<ref name="Sports Reference">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Doug Wilson Biography and Olympic Results|work = Olympics|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = 2010|url = https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/wi/doug-wilson-1.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200418035624/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/wi/doug-wilson-1.html|url-status = dead|archive-date = 2020-04-18|accessdate = 2010-03-09}}</ref> In 2008 he was interviewed by the [[BBC]] on the subject of the [[2012 Summer Olympics]] that are to be held in London, where he suggested that the organising committee "should go back to basics, the simplicity of the games".<ref name="Simple">{{Cite news|last = Thordardottir|first = Ingibjorg|title = Keep it simple say 1948 Olympians|publisher = BBC|date = 2008-08-26|url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7570970.stm|accessdate = 2010-03-09}}</ref> He died in Winchester, Hampshire, England in October 2010.<ref name="Obit"/> |
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== |
==History== |
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"{{Lang|de|Stille Nacht|italic=no}}" was first performed on [[Christmas Eve]], 1818, at the [[Nikolauskirche, Oberndorf|Nikolauskirche]], the parish church of [[Oberndorf bei Salzburg|Oberndorf]], a village in the [[Austrian Empire]] on the [[Salzach]] river in present-day Austria. A young Catholic priest, Father Joseph Mohr, had come to Oberndorf the year before. In the aftermath of the [[Napoleonic Wars]],<ref name="SI"/> he had written the poem "{{Lang|de|Stille Nacht|italic=no}}" in 1816 at [[Mariapfarr]], the hometown of his father in the Salzburg [[Tamsweg District|Lungau]] region, where Joseph had worked as an assistant priest.<ref name="icce">{{cite journal | url=http://www.icce.rug.nl/~soundscapes/VOLUME02/Silent_Night_History.shtml | title=Silent Night, Holy Night | first=Bill | last=Egan | date=December 1999 | journal=Soundscapes | volume=2 | publisher=[[University of Groningen]] | issn=1567-7745 | access-date=26 December 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216175758/http://www.icce.rug.nl/~soundscapes/VOLUME02/Silent_Night_History.shtml | archive-date=16 December 2017 |url-status=dead | df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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{{reflist}} |
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The melody was composed by [[Franz Xaver Gruber]], schoolmaster and [[organist]] in the nearby village of {{ill|Arnsdorf (Lamprechtshausen)|de|Arnsdorf (Gemeinde Lamprechtshausen)|lt=Arnsdorf}}, now part of [[Lamprechtshausen]]. On Christmas Eve, 1818, Mohr brought the words to Gruber and asked him to compose a melody and [[guitar]] accompaniment for that night's mass, after river flooding had possibly damaged the church organ.<ref name="SI"/><ref name=bbc>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/christmas/carols_2.shtml |title=Christmas carols |publisher=BBC |date=4 August 2009 |access-date=6 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522000130/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/christmas/carols_2.shtml |archive-date=22 May 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref> The church was eventually destroyed by repeated flooding and replaced with the [[Silent-Night-Chapel]]. It is unknown what inspired Mohr to write the lyrics, or what prompted him to create a new carol.<ref name="icce"/> |
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{{authority control}} |
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According to Gruber, Karl Mauracher, an organ builder who serviced the instrument at the Oberndorf church, was enamoured of the song, and took the composition home with him to the [[Zillertal]].<ref name="spreading">{{cite web | url=http://www.stillenacht.at/en/spreading_song.asp | title=Spreading of the Song Locally | publisher=Silent Night Association | access-date=22 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171217094807/http://www.stillenacht.at/en/spreading_song.asp | archive-date=17 December 2017 |url-status=live | df=dmy-all}}</ref> From there, two travelling families of folk singers, the Strassers and the Rainers, included the tune in their shows. The Rainers were already singing it around Christmas 1819, and they once performed it for an audience that included [[Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor|Franz I of Austria]] and [[Alexander I of Russia]], as well as making the first performance of the song in the U.S., in New York City in 1839.<ref name="SI"/> By the 1840s the song was well known in [[Lower Saxony]] and was reported to be a favourite of [[Frederick William IV of Prussia]]. During this period, the melody changed slightly to become the version that is commonly played today.<ref name="icce"/><ref name="spreading"/> |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Wilson, Doug}} |
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[[Category:1920 births]] |
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[[File:Autograph Mohr Stille Nacht.png|thumb|Mohr's autograph, 1820/1825]] |
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[[Category:2010 deaths]] |
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Over the years, because the original [[manuscript]] had been lost, Mohr's name was forgotten and although Gruber was known to be the composer, many people assumed the melody was composed by a more famous composer, and it was variously attributed to [[ Joseph Haydn|Haydn]], [[ Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Mozart]], [[Beethoven]] or [[Franz Schubert|Schubert]].<ref name="icce"/>{{fv|date=December 2024}} However, a manuscript was discovered in 1995 in Mohr's handwriting and dated by researchers as {{circa|1820}}. It states that Mohr wrote the words in 1816 when he was assigned to a pilgrim church in Mariapfarr, Austria, and shows that the music was composed by Gruber in 1818. This is the earliest manuscript that exists and the only one in Mohr's handwriting.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.stillenacht.at/en/origin_song.asp | title=Origin of the Song | publisher=Silent Night Association | access-date=22 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215204225/http://www.stillenacht.at/en/origin_song.asp | archive-date=15 December 2017 |url-status=live | df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1948 Summer Olympics]] |
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[[Category:British male middle-distance runners]] |
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;Original melody: |
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[[Category:Olympic athletes for Great Britain]] |
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:<score sound="1"> |
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[[Category:People from Islington (district)]] |
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<< |
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[[Category:Athletes from the London Borough of Islington]] |
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\new Staff << |
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[[Category:English male middle-distance runners]] |
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\new Voice="melody" \relative c'' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"acoustic guitar (nylon)" |
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[[Category:20th-century English sportsmen]] |
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\autoBeamOff |
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\tempo 4 = 60 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t |
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\voiceOne |
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\language "deutsch" |
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\key d \major |
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\time 6/8 |
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a8. [ h16 ] a8 fis4 h8\rest |
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a8. h16 a8 fis4 h8\rest |
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e8. [ dis16 ] e8 cis4 h8\rest |
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d8. [ cis16 ] d8 a4 h8\rest |
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h4 h8 d8. [ cis16 ] h8 |
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a8. h16 a8 fis4 h8\rest |
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h4 h8 d8. [ cis16 ] h8 |
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a8. h16 a8 fis4 h8\rest |
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cis8. cis16 cis8 e8. d16 cis8 |
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d4. ( fis4 ) h,8\rest |
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d8. a16 fis8 a8. g16 e8 |
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d4.~ d4 h'8\rest |
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} |
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\new Voice \relative c' { |
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\voiceTwo |
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\autoBeamOff |
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%\omit "Rest_engraver" |
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fis8. [ g16 ] fis8 d4 s8 |
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fis8. g16 fis8 d4 s8 |
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g8. [ fis16 ] g8 e4 s8 |
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fis8. [ e16 ] fis8 fis4 s8 |
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g4 g8 h8. [ a16 ] g8 |
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fis8. g16 fis8 d4 s8 |
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g4 g8 h8. [ a16 ] g8 |
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fis8. g16 fis8 d4 s8 |
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e8. e16 e8 g8. fis16 e8 |
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fis4. ( a4 ) s8 |
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fis8. fis16 d8 fis8. e16 cis8 |
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d4.~ d4 |
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} |
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>> |
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\new Lyrics \lyricsto "melody" { |
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Stil -- le Nacht! Hei -- li -- ge Nacht! |
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Al -- les schläft; ein -- sam wacht |
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Nur das trau -- te hei -- li -- ge Paar. |
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Hol -- der Knab’ im lok -- kig -- ten Haar, |
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schla -- fe in himm -- li -- scher Ruh! __ |
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Schla -- fe in himm -- li -- scher Ruh! __ |
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} |
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>> |
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</score> |
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The first edition was published by {{ill|August Robert Friese|de|lt=Friese}} in 1833 in a collection of ''Four Genuine Tyrolean Songs'', with the following musical text:<ref>[http://www.henle.de/blog/en/2012/12/24/%e2%80%98silent-night%e2%80%99-revisited/ "Silent Night" revisited] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827004545/http://www.henle.de/blog/en/2012/12/24/%e2%80%98silent-night%e2%80%99-revisited/ |date=27 August 2016}} by Norbert Müllemann, [[G. Henle Verlag]], 24 December 2012</ref> |
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[[File:Franz Xaver Gruber (1787-1863).jpg|thumb|upright|Franz Xaver Gruber, painted by Sebastian Stief (1846)]] |
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:<score sound="1"> |
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\transpose c d \relative c'' { |
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\key c \major \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"acoustic guitar (nylon)" |
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\time 6/8 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 60 \autoBeamOff |
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g8.^"First edition" [a16] g8 e4. | g8. [a16] g8 e4. | d'4 d16. [b32] b4. | c4 c16. [g32] g4. | a4 a8 c8. b16 a8 | g8. a16 g8 e4. | |
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a4 a8 c8. b16 a8 | g8. a16 g8 e4. | d'4 d8 f8.-> d16 b8 | c4. (e4) r8 | c8. [g16] e8 g8. f16 d8 | c4.~ c4 r8 \bar "|." |
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} |
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</score> |
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The contemporary version, as in the [[#choral|choral example]] below, is: |
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{{anchor|score}} |
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:<score sound="1"> |
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\transpose c d \relative c'' { |
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\key c \major \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"acoustic guitar (nylon)" |
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\time 6/8 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 60 \autoBeamOff |
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g8.^"Contemporary" [(a16)] g8 e4. | g8. [a16] g8 e4. | d'4 d8 b4. | c4 c8 g4. | a4 a8 c8. [b16] a8 | g8. [a16] g8 e4. | |
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a4 a8 c8. [b16] a8 | g8. [a16] g8 e4. | d'4 d8 f8.-> [d16] b8 | c4. (e4) r8 | c8. [(g16)] e8 g8. [f16] d8 | c4.~ c4 r8 \bar "|." |
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} |
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</score> |
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==Translations== |
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In 1859, the [[Episcopal Church of the United States|Episcopal]] priest [[John Freeman Young]], then serving at [[Trinity Church (Manhattan)|Trinity Church]], New York City, wrote and published the English translation that is most frequently sung today, translated from three of Mohr's original six verses.<ref>Underwood, Byron Edward, "Bishop John Freeman Young, Translator of '{{Lang|de|Stille Nacht|italic=no}}'", ''[[The Hymn (journal)|The Hymn]]'', v. 8, no. 4, October 1957, pp. 123–132.</ref> The version of the melody that is generally used today is a slow, meditative [[lullaby]] or [[pastorale]], differing slightly (particularly in the final strain) from Gruber's original, which was a "[[Grave (music)|moderato]]" tune in {{music|time|6|8}} [[Time signature|time]] and [[siciliana]] rhythm.<ref>Meredith Ellis Little (2001). [http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.25698 ''Siciliana''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419093719/http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.25698 |date=19 April 2016 }}. Grove Music Online. {{ISBN|978-1561592630}}.</ref><ref>[[Gerlinde Haid]] (1994). ''Siciliano als Typus weihnachtlicher Volksmusik''. 175 Jahre "Stille Nacht! Heilige Nacht!" (in German), pp. 135–146. Salzburg.</ref> Today, the lyrics and melody are in the [[public domain]], although newer translations usually are not. |
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In 1998 the Silent Night Museum in Salzburg commissioned a new English translation by Bettina Klein of Mohr's German lyrics. For the most part, Klein preserves both Young's translation and the interpretive decisions that inform his word-choices. Yet Klein also attempts occasionally to restore Mohr's original phrasing, changing, for instance, Young's "Holy infant, so tender and mild" to Mohr's "Holy infant with curly hair" (''Holder Knab' im lockigten Haar''). However, she continues to interpret Mohr's ''traute heilige Paar'' as referring to Mary and the baby, whereas Mohr's use of the word ''traute'' can mean "espoused," thus suggesting perhaps that the "holy pair" represents Mary and Joseph watching (picking up Mohr's ''wacht'') over the curly-haired infant/boy. <ref>[https://silent-night-museum.org/sounds/lyrics.htm "Silent night! Holy night!"], translated in 1998 by Bettina Klein, Silent Night Museum</ref> |
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The carol has been translated into about 300 languages.<ref>Ronald M. Clancy, [[William Studwell|William E. Studwell]]. ''Best-Loved Christmas Carols''. Christmas Classics Ltd, 2000. {{page missing|date=December 2018}}</ref> |
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==Lyrics== |
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{{Listen|type=music|image=none|help=no|filename=Silent Night (choral).ogg|title={{anchor|choral}}"Silent Night"|description=Choral version performed by the [[United States Army Band|United States Army Chorus]] |
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|filename2=Gruber - Schumann-Heink - Stille Nacht.ogg|title2="Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht"|description2= Solo performed by [[Ernestine Schumann-Heink]] |
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|filename3=Silent Night (Kevin MacLeod) (ISRC USUAN1100075).oga|title3="Silent Night"|description3=Instrumental version played on piano by [[Kevin MacLeod]] in 2000}} |
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:{| |
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!German lyrics<ref>''[[Evangelisches Gesangbuch]]'', hymn [https://www.evangeliums.net/lieder/liederbuch_evangelisches_gesangbuch.html no. 46] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214183821/https://www.evangeliums.net/lieder/liederbuch_evangelisches_gesangbuch.html |date=14 December 2017 }}; ''[[Gotteslob]]'', hymn [http://gotteslob.katholisch.de/?name=Stille+Nacht&sbid=&thema=&sortdir=ASC no. 249] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214235927/http://gotteslob.katholisch.de/?name=Stille+Nacht&sbid=&thema=&sortdir=ASC |date=14 December 2017 }} (was 145)</ref> |
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!Young's <!--There are several versions in English, so using this term is required-->English lyrics<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/greathymn00youn|title=Great hymns of the church|last=Young|first=John Freeman|author-link=John F. Young|date=1887|publisher=New York : James Pott & Co.|others=Princeton Theological Seminary Library}}</ref> |
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|- |
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|<poem>{{Lang|de|Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht, |
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Alles schläft; einsam wacht |
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Nur das traute hochheilige Paar. |
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Holder Knabe im lockigen Haar, |
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Schlaf in himmlischer Ruh! |
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Schlaf in himmlischer Ruh! |
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Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht, |
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Hirten erst kundgemacht |
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Durch der Engel Halleluja, |
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Tönt es laut von fern und nah: |
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Christ, der Retter ist da! |
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Christ, der Retter ist da! |
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Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht, |
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Gottes Sohn, o wie lacht |
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Lieb' aus deinem göttlichen Mund, |
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Da uns schlägt die rettende Stund'. |
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Christ, in deiner Geburt! |
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Christ, in deiner Geburt!|italic=no}}</poem> |
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|style="padding-left:2em;"|<poem>Silent night! Holy night! |
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All is calm, all is bright |
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Round yon virgin mother and child! |
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Holy infant, so tender and mild, |
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Sleep in heavenly peace! |
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Sleep in heavenly peace! |
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Silent night! Holy night! |
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Shepherds quake at the sight! |
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Glories stream from heaven afar, |
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Heavenly hosts sing Alleluia! |
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Christ the Saviour is born! |
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Christ the Saviour is born! |
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Silent night! Holy night! |
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Son of God, love's pure light |
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Radiant beams from thy holy face |
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With the dawn of redeeming grace, |
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Jesus, Lord, at thy birth! |
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Jesus, Lord, at thy birth!</poem> |
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|} |
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In the second stanza, some English versions read "shepherds [[wiktionary:quail|quail]]"<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fa8zNaAbTy8C |title=Christmas Carols, Hymns, Etc. |publisher=F. Pitman |year=1881 |location=London |pages=69}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ruffer |first=Tim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hWqmDwAAQBAJ |title=Ancient and Modern Words Edition |publisher=Canterbury Press |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-84825-243-1 |location=London |at=#84 Silent night! Holy night!}}</ref> rather than "shepherds quake."<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9kEWAAAAYAAJ |title=The Church Porch: A Service Book and Hymnal for Sunday Schools |publisher=E.P. Dutton & Co |year=1878 |editor-last=Huntington |editor-first=William R. |location=New York |at=#42 Holy Night}}</ref> |
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A common fourth verse or alternative third verse<ref>{{cite web |title=Silent Night, Holy Night |url=https://www.hymnsite.com/lyrics/umh239.sht |website=HymnSite.com |access-date=26 December 2024}}</ref> is: |
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<poem>Silent night, holy night, |
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wondrous star, lend thy light; |
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with the angels let us sing, |
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Alleluia to our King; |
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Christ the Savior is born, |
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Christ the Savior is born!</poem> |
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==Musical settings== |
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[[File:Chapel2.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Silent-Night-Chapel]] in Oberndorf on the site where the song was first performed]] |
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The carol was arranged by various composers, such as [[Carl Reinecke]], [[Gustav Schreck]], [[Eusebius Mandyczewski]], [[Malcolm Sargent]], [[David Willcocks]], [[Charles Mackerras]], [[Philip Ledger]], [[John Rutter]], [[Stephen Cleobury]], [[Jacob de Haan (composer)|Jacob de Haan]] and [[Taylor Scott Davis]].. |
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[[Max Reger]] quotes the tune in the Christmas section of his organ pieces [[Sieben Stücke, Op. 145|''Sieben Stücke'', Op. 145]]. |
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[[Alfred Schnittke]] composed an arrangement of "Stille Nacht" for violin and piano in 1978, as a holiday greeting for violinist [[Gidon Kremer]]. Due to its dissonant and nightmarish character, the miniature caused a scandal in Austria.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/music/2014/12/20/with-stille-nacht-schnittke-couched-protest-tradition/UJtywvJv9A1Q4iWxwrNaOJ/story.html |title=With 'Stille Nacht', Schnittke couched protest in tradition |first=Matthew |last=Guerrieri |date=20 December 2014 |access-date=24 December 2017 |work=[[The Boston Globe]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225035023/https://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/music/2014/12/20/with-stille-nacht-schnittke-couched-protest-tradition/UJtywvJv9A1Q4iWxwrNaOJ/story.html |archive-date=25 December 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.therestisnoise.com/2004/05/schnittke_1992.html|title=Connoisseur of Chaos: Schnittke|first=Alex|last=Ross|author-link=Alex Ross (music critic)|magazine=[[The New Republic]]|via=The Rest Is Noise|date=28 September 1992|access-date=24 December 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629121830/http://www.therestisnoise.com/2004/05/schnittke_1992.html|archive-date=29 June 2017}}</ref> |
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==In film== |
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Several theatrical and television films depict how the song was ostensibly written. Most of them report the organ breaking down at the church in Oberndorf, which appeared in a fictional story published in the U.S. in the 1930s.<ref name=bbc/> |
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* ''[[The Legend of Silent Night]]'' (1968) TV film directed by [[Daniel Mann]] |
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* ''[[Silent Night, Holy Night (1976 film)|Silent Night, Holy Night]]'' (1976) animated short film by [[Hanna-Barbera]].<ref>{{Cite web| title=Silent Night, Holy Night (TV Movie 1976)| publisher=IMDb| date=27 December 2008| access-date=17 February 2017| url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1283944/| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210161614/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1283944/| archive-date=10 February 2017|url-status=live| df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Silent Mouse]]'' (1988) television special directed and produced by Robin Crichton and narrated by [[Lynn Redgrave]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/479772/silent-mouse|title=Silent Mouse (1988)|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|access-date=29 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208055731/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/479772/Silent-Mouse/|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Buster & Chauncey's Silent Night]]'' (1998) direct-to-video animated featurette<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/412432/Buster-And-Chauncey-s-Silent-Night/|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|title=Buster and Chauncey's Silent Night|access-date=23 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123201842/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/412432/Buster-And-Chauncey-s-Silent-Night/|archive-date=23 November 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* ''Silent Night'' (2012) directed by [[Christian Vuissa]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.movieguide.org/reviews/silent-night.html |title=''Silent Night'' | Movieguide | Movie Reviews for Christians |date=21 October 2014 |publisher=Movieguide |access-date=17 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910174327/https://www.movieguide.org/reviews/silent-night.html |archive-date=10 September 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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* ''The First Silent Night'' (2014), documentary narrated by [[Simon Callow]]<ref>[http://www.netaonline.org/search/ProgramDetails.aspx?id=4346 ''First Silent Night, The''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225172127/http://www.netaonline.org/search/ProgramDetails.aspx?id=4346 |date=25 December 2014 }}, production details</ref> |
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*''Stille Nacht – ein Lied für die Welt'' (2018), music documentary created and directed by [[Hannes M. Schalle]], narrated by [[Peter Simonischek]].<ref>{{Cite web|work=[[Salzburger Nachrichten]]|date=15 December 2018|title=Stille-Nacht-Film feierte im Salzburger 'Das Kino' Premiere|url=https://www.sn.at/salzburg/kultur/stille-nacht-film-feierte-im-salzburger-das-kino-premiere-62582143|access-date=20 December 2020|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Stille Nacht – eine Friedensbotschaft geht um die Welt|url=https://www.austriatourism.com/blog/2018/stille-nacht-eine-friedensbotschaft-geht-um-die-welt/|access-date=20 December 2020|website=Österreich Werbung|language=de-DE}}</ref> An English version, ''Silent Night – A Song for the World'' (2020), narrated by [[Hugh Bonneville]], was released two years later.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Oganesyan|first=Natalie|date=18 November 2020|title=The Story of 'Silent Night', as Told and Sung by Kelly Clarkson, Josh Groban, Joss Stone and More, Set for CW Special|url=https://variety.com/2020/music/news/silent-night-cw-documentary-hugh-bonneville-kelly-clarkson-katharine-mcphee-joss-stone-1234831569/|access-date=27 November 2020|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref><ref>{{IMDb title|tt6045924|Silent Night – A Song for the World|(2018)}}</ref> |
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==On record charts== |
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Several recordings of "Silent Night" have reached the record charts in various countries. These include: |
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*1969–1979: [[Percy Sledge]] {{numero|10}} on the [[Dutch Charts]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Percy+Sledge&titel=Silent+Night&cat=s|title=Percy Sledge – Silent Night|website=[[Dutch Charts|Dutchcharts.nl]]|language=Dutch|quote=Piekpositie: 10|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> |
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*1972–1973: Tom Tomson {{Numero|21}} on the Belgium [[Ultratop]] [[Flanders]] chart<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ultratop.be/nl/song/100886/Tom-Tomson-Silent-Night|title=Tom Tomson – Silent Night|website=[[Ultratop|Ultratop.be]]|language=Dutch|quote=Piekpositie: 21|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> and {{Numero|10}} on its [[Wallonia]] chart<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ultratop.be/fr/song/100886/Tom-Tomson-Silent-Night|title=Tom Tomson – Silent Night|website=[[Ultratop|Ultratop.be]]|language=French|quote=Top: 10|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> |
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*1975–1976: [[The Cats (Dutch band)|The Cats]] {{numero|10}} on the [[Dutch Charts]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=The+Cats&titel=Silent+Night&cat=s|title=The Cats – Silent Night|website=[[Dutch Charts|Dutchcharts.nl]]|language=Dutch|quote=Piekpositie: 21|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> |
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*1991–1992: [[Sinéad O'Connor]] {{Numero|71}} on the [[Dutch Charts]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Sin%E9ad+O%27Connor&titel=Silent+Night&cat=s|title=Sinéad O'Connor – Silent Night|website=[[Dutch Charts|Dutchcharts.nl]]|language=Dutch|quote=Piekpositie: 71|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> |
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*1993: [[Enya]] No. 48 on the [[ARIA Charts|Australian Charts]] with an Irish language version of the song.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Enya&titel=O%EDche+chi%FAn+%28Silent+Night%29&cat=s|title=Enya – Oíche Chiúin (Silent Night)|website=australian-charts.com|access-date=14 October 2023}}</ref> |
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*2007–2008: [[Josh Groban]] {{Numero|5}} on the Norwegian Charts<ref>{{cite web|url=https://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Josh+Groban&titel=Noche+de+Paz+(Silent+Night)&cat=s|title=Josh Groban – Noche de Paz (Silent Night)|website=Norwegiancharts.com|quote=Peak: 5|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> and {{Numero|19}} on the U.S. [[Adult Contemporary (chart)|''Billboard'' Adult Contemporary Chart]]<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/josh-groban/chart-history/asi/|title=Chart History: Josh Groban – Adult Contemporary|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|quote=Silent Night{{snd}}Peaked at #19|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> |
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*2008: [[Glasvegas]] {{Numero|42}} on the Swedish Charts<ref>{{cite web|url=https://swedishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Glasvegas&titel=Silent+Night+(Noapte+de+vis)&cat=s|title=Glasvegas – Silent Night (Noapte de Vis)|website=Swedishcharts.com|quote=Peak: 42|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> |
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*2009: [[Mariah Carey]] {{Numero|67}} on the U.S. [[Digital Song Sales|''Billboard'' Digital Song Sales Chart]]<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/mariah-carey/chart-history/hds/|title=Chart History: Mariah Carey – Digital Song Sales|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|quote=Silent Night{{snd}}Peaked at #67|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> |
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*2013–2014: [[Elvis Presley]] {{Numero|120}} on the French Charts<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Elvis+Presley&titel=Silent+Night&cat=s|title=Elvis Presley – Silent Night (Chanson)|website=Lescharts.com|language=French|quote=Top: 120|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> |
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*2013–2014: [[Nat King Cole]] {{Numero|125}} on the French Charts<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Nat+%22King%22+Cole&titel=Silent+Night&cat=s|title=Nat "King" Cole – Silent Night (Chanson)|website=Lescharts.com|language=French|quote=Top: 125|access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref> |
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*2017: [[The Temptations]] {{Numero|11}} on the Swedish Heatseeker ([[Sverigetopplistan]]) charts<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sverigetopplistan.se/chart/215?dspy=2017&dspp=52|title=Veckolista Heatseeker, vecka 52, 2017|publisher=[[Sverigetopplistan]]|access-date=December 27, 2021}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[List of Christmas carols]] |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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{{Wikisource|Silent Night}} |
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{{Wikisourcelang|de|Stille Nacht! Heilige Nacht!}} |
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* {{Commons category-inline|Silent Night}} |
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* [https://www.stillenacht.com/en/history/song-of-peace/ "Song of peace – 'Silent Night' as a message of peace"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143406/https://www.stillenacht.com/en/history/song-of-peace/ |date=12 June 2018 }} |
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* [https://www.stillenacht.at/en/text-and-music Translation of all six verses of the German original] |
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* Free arrangements for [http://cantorion.org/music/15/Silent+Night piano] and [http://cantorion.org/music/54/Silent+Night voice] from Cantorion.org |
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* [https://www.stillenacht.info/en/silent-night/index.asp Silent Night Chapel, origin of song] |
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* {{YouTube|oJhs0dS61tI|Animated score of Schnittke's version}} |
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*{{YouTube|1uHNygqhBCs|"Sinead O'Connor - Silent Night (Official Music Video)"}} |
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* New instrumental arrangement 2021 {{YouTube|tmqLmcqKbvo|"Adrien Melano - Christmas Silent Night (ADRM Productions)"}} |
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* {{YouTube|id=bzTNQYbEM04|title="Silent Night"}}, from adaptation project "restored'hymns", recorded at the [[Magdeburg]] Cathedral "St. Sebastian" by the musicians of "ConTakt Music e.V." Germany, in January 2025 |
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{{Portal bar|Music|Austria}} |
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{{Barbra Streisand songs}} |
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{{Bing Crosby singles}} |
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{{Frank Sinatra singles}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:1818 songs]] |
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{{England-athletics-bio-stub}} |
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[[Category:19th-century hymns in German]] |
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[[Category:Austrian songs]] |
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[[Category:Bing Crosby songs]] |
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[[Category:Christmas carols in German]] |
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[[Category:Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity]] |
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[[Category:Public domain music]] |
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[[Category:Songs about Jesus]] |
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[[Category:Volkslied]] |
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[[Category:Frederick William IV of Prussia]] |
Latest revision as of 22:30, 11 April 2025
Stille Nacht Silent Night | |
---|---|
Christmas carol | |
![]() Autograph (c. 1860) of the carol by Franz Gruber | |
Native name | Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht |
Full title | Silent Night, Holy Night |
Text | Joseph Mohr |
Language | German |
Melody | Franz Xaver Gruber |
Performed | 24 December 1818 |
Published | 1833 |
"Silent Night" (German: "Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht") is a popular Christmas carol, composed in 1818 by Franz Xaver Gruber to lyrics by Joseph Mohr in Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Austria.[1] It was declared an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2011.[2] The song was first recorded in 1905[3] and has remained a popular success, appearing in films and multiple successful recordings, as well as being quoted in other musical compositions. It is one of the most recorded Christmas songs, with more than 137,000 known recordings.[4]
History
[edit]"Stille Nacht" was first performed on Christmas Eve, 1818, at the Nikolauskirche, the parish church of Oberndorf, a village in the Austrian Empire on the Salzach river in present-day Austria. A young Catholic priest, Father Joseph Mohr, had come to Oberndorf the year before. In the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars,[1] he had written the poem "Stille Nacht" in 1816 at Mariapfarr, the hometown of his father in the Salzburg Lungau region, where Joseph had worked as an assistant priest.[5]
The melody was composed by Franz Xaver Gruber, schoolmaster and organist in the nearby village of Arnsdorf , now part of Lamprechtshausen. On Christmas Eve, 1818, Mohr brought the words to Gruber and asked him to compose a melody and guitar accompaniment for that night's mass, after river flooding had possibly damaged the church organ.[1][6] The church was eventually destroyed by repeated flooding and replaced with the Silent-Night-Chapel. It is unknown what inspired Mohr to write the lyrics, or what prompted him to create a new carol.[5]
According to Gruber, Karl Mauracher, an organ builder who serviced the instrument at the Oberndorf church, was enamoured of the song, and took the composition home with him to the Zillertal.[7] From there, two travelling families of folk singers, the Strassers and the Rainers, included the tune in their shows. The Rainers were already singing it around Christmas 1819, and they once performed it for an audience that included Franz I of Austria and Alexander I of Russia, as well as making the first performance of the song in the U.S., in New York City in 1839.[1] By the 1840s the song was well known in Lower Saxony and was reported to be a favourite of Frederick William IV of Prussia. During this period, the melody changed slightly to become the version that is commonly played today.[5][7]

Over the years, because the original manuscript had been lost, Mohr's name was forgotten and although Gruber was known to be the composer, many people assumed the melody was composed by a more famous composer, and it was variously attributed to Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven or Schubert.[5][failed verification] However, a manuscript was discovered in 1995 in Mohr's handwriting and dated by researchers as c. 1820. It states that Mohr wrote the words in 1816 when he was assigned to a pilgrim church in Mariapfarr, Austria, and shows that the music was composed by Gruber in 1818. This is the earliest manuscript that exists and the only one in Mohr's handwriting.[8]
- Original melody
The first edition was published by Friese in 1833 in a collection of Four Genuine Tyrolean Songs, with the following musical text:[9]

The contemporary version, as in the choral example below, is:
Translations
[edit]In 1859, the Episcopal priest John Freeman Young, then serving at Trinity Church, New York City, wrote and published the English translation that is most frequently sung today, translated from three of Mohr's original six verses.[10] The version of the melody that is generally used today is a slow, meditative lullaby or pastorale, differing slightly (particularly in the final strain) from Gruber's original, which was a "moderato" tune in 6
8 time and siciliana rhythm.[11][12] Today, the lyrics and melody are in the public domain, although newer translations usually are not.
In 1998 the Silent Night Museum in Salzburg commissioned a new English translation by Bettina Klein of Mohr's German lyrics. For the most part, Klein preserves both Young's translation and the interpretive decisions that inform his word-choices. Yet Klein also attempts occasionally to restore Mohr's original phrasing, changing, for instance, Young's "Holy infant, so tender and mild" to Mohr's "Holy infant with curly hair" (Holder Knab' im lockigten Haar). However, she continues to interpret Mohr's traute heilige Paar as referring to Mary and the baby, whereas Mohr's use of the word traute can mean "espoused," thus suggesting perhaps that the "holy pair" represents Mary and Joseph watching (picking up Mohr's wacht) over the curly-haired infant/boy. [13]
The carol has been translated into about 300 languages.[14]
Lyrics
[edit]German lyrics[15] Young's English lyrics[16] Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht,
Alles schläft; einsam wacht
Nur das traute hochheilige Paar.
Holder Knabe im lockigen Haar,
Schlaf in himmlischer Ruh!
Schlaf in himmlischer Ruh!
Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht,
Hirten erst kundgemacht
Durch der Engel Halleluja,
Tönt es laut von fern und nah:
Christ, der Retter ist da!
Christ, der Retter ist da!
Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht,
Gottes Sohn, o wie lacht
Lieb' aus deinem göttlichen Mund,
Da uns schlägt die rettende Stund'.
Christ, in deiner Geburt!
Christ, in deiner Geburt!Silent night! Holy night!
All is calm, all is bright
Round yon virgin mother and child!
Holy infant, so tender and mild,
Sleep in heavenly peace!
Sleep in heavenly peace!
Silent night! Holy night!
Shepherds quake at the sight!
Glories stream from heaven afar,
Heavenly hosts sing Alleluia!
Christ the Saviour is born!
Christ the Saviour is born!
Silent night! Holy night!
Son of God, love's pure light
Radiant beams from thy holy face
With the dawn of redeeming grace,
Jesus, Lord, at thy birth!
Jesus, Lord, at thy birth!
In the second stanza, some English versions read "shepherds quail"[17][18] rather than "shepherds quake."[19]
A common fourth verse or alternative third verse[20] is:
Silent night, holy night,
wondrous star, lend thy light;
with the angels let us sing,
Alleluia to our King;
Christ the Savior is born,
Christ the Savior is born!
Musical settings
[edit]
The carol was arranged by various composers, such as Carl Reinecke, Gustav Schreck, Eusebius Mandyczewski, Malcolm Sargent, David Willcocks, Charles Mackerras, Philip Ledger, John Rutter, Stephen Cleobury, Jacob de Haan and Taylor Scott Davis..
Max Reger quotes the tune in the Christmas section of his organ pieces Sieben Stücke, Op. 145.
Alfred Schnittke composed an arrangement of "Stille Nacht" for violin and piano in 1978, as a holiday greeting for violinist Gidon Kremer. Due to its dissonant and nightmarish character, the miniature caused a scandal in Austria.[21][22]
In film
[edit]Several theatrical and television films depict how the song was ostensibly written. Most of them report the organ breaking down at the church in Oberndorf, which appeared in a fictional story published in the U.S. in the 1930s.[6]
- The Legend of Silent Night (1968) TV film directed by Daniel Mann
- Silent Night, Holy Night (1976) animated short film by Hanna-Barbera.[23]
- Silent Mouse (1988) television special directed and produced by Robin Crichton and narrated by Lynn Redgrave.[24]
- Buster & Chauncey's Silent Night (1998) direct-to-video animated featurette[25]
- Silent Night (2012) directed by Christian Vuissa[26]
- The First Silent Night (2014), documentary narrated by Simon Callow[27]
- Stille Nacht – ein Lied für die Welt (2018), music documentary created and directed by Hannes M. Schalle, narrated by Peter Simonischek.[28][29] An English version, Silent Night – A Song for the World (2020), narrated by Hugh Bonneville, was released two years later.[30][31]
On record charts
[edit]Several recordings of "Silent Night" have reached the record charts in various countries. These include:
- 1969–1979: Percy Sledge No. 10 on the Dutch Charts[32]
- 1972–1973: Tom Tomson No. 21 on the Belgium Ultratop Flanders chart[33] and No. 10 on its Wallonia chart[34]
- 1975–1976: The Cats No. 10 on the Dutch Charts[35]
- 1991–1992: Sinéad O'Connor No. 71 on the Dutch Charts[36]
- 1993: Enya No. 48 on the Australian Charts with an Irish language version of the song.[37]
- 2007–2008: Josh Groban No. 5 on the Norwegian Charts[38] and No. 19 on the U.S. Billboard Adult Contemporary Chart[39]
- 2008: Glasvegas No. 42 on the Swedish Charts[40]
- 2009: Mariah Carey No. 67 on the U.S. Billboard Digital Song Sales Chart[41]
- 2013–2014: Elvis Presley No. 120 on the French Charts[42]
- 2013–2014: Nat King Cole No. 125 on the French Charts[43]
- 2017: The Temptations No. 11 on the Swedish Heatseeker (Sverigetopplistan) charts[44]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Daley, Jason (17 December 2018). "It's the Bicentennial of 'Silent Night': The classic Christmas tune was first composed as a poem, and it was set to music for the first time in the winter of 1818". Smithsonian. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ "Österreichische UNESCO-Kommission – Nationalagentur für das Immaterielle Kulturerbe – Austrian Inventory". Archived from the original on 18 December 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2014.
- ^ Berg, Marita (15 December 2013). "Silent Night". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
- ^ Malone, Chris (5 December 2017). "Christmas Classics From Mariah Carey & Wham! Among Most-Recorded Holiday Songs". Billboard. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ a b c d Egan, Bill (December 1999). "Silent Night, Holy Night". Soundscapes. 2. University of Groningen. ISSN 1567-7745. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
- ^ a b "Christmas carols". BBC. 4 August 2009. Archived from the original on 22 May 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ a b "Spreading of the Song Locally". Silent Night Association. Archived from the original on 17 December 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
- ^ "Origin of the Song". Silent Night Association. Archived from the original on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
- ^ "Silent Night" revisited Archived 27 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine by Norbert Müllemann, G. Henle Verlag, 24 December 2012
- ^ Underwood, Byron Edward, "Bishop John Freeman Young, Translator of 'Stille Nacht'", The Hymn, v. 8, no. 4, October 1957, pp. 123–132.
- ^ Meredith Ellis Little (2001). Siciliana Archived 19 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Grove Music Online. ISBN 978-1561592630.
- ^ Gerlinde Haid (1994). Siciliano als Typus weihnachtlicher Volksmusik. 175 Jahre "Stille Nacht! Heilige Nacht!" (in German), pp. 135–146. Salzburg.
- ^ "Silent night! Holy night!", translated in 1998 by Bettina Klein, Silent Night Museum
- ^ Ronald M. Clancy, William E. Studwell. Best-Loved Christmas Carols. Christmas Classics Ltd, 2000. [page needed]
- ^ Evangelisches Gesangbuch, hymn no. 46 Archived 14 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine; Gotteslob, hymn no. 249 Archived 14 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine (was 145)
- ^ Young, John Freeman (1887). Great hymns of the church. Princeton Theological Seminary Library. New York : James Pott & Co.
- ^ Christmas Carols, Hymns, Etc. London: F. Pitman. 1881. p. 69.
- ^ Ruffer, Tim (2013). Ancient and Modern Words Edition. London: Canterbury Press. #84 Silent night! Holy night!. ISBN 978-1-84825-243-1.
- ^ Huntington, William R., ed. (1878). The Church Porch: A Service Book and Hymnal for Sunday Schools. New York: E.P. Dutton & Co. #42 Holy Night.
- ^ "Silent Night, Holy Night". HymnSite.com. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
- ^ Guerrieri, Matthew (20 December 2014). "With 'Stille Nacht', Schnittke couched protest in tradition". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ^ Ross, Alex (28 September 1992). "Connoisseur of Chaos: Schnittke". The New Republic. Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017 – via The Rest Is Noise.
- ^ "Silent Night, Holy Night (TV Movie 1976)". IMDb. 27 December 2008. Archived from the original on 10 February 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
- ^ "Silent Mouse (1988)". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
- ^ "Buster and Chauncey's Silent Night". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on 23 November 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
- ^ "Silent Night | Movieguide | Movie Reviews for Christians". Movieguide. 21 October 2014. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
- ^ First Silent Night, The Archived 25 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine, production details
- ^ "Stille-Nacht-Film feierte im Salzburger 'Das Kino' Premiere". Salzburger Nachrichten (in German). 15 December 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2020.
- ^ "Stille Nacht – eine Friedensbotschaft geht um die Welt". Österreich Werbung (in German). Retrieved 20 December 2020.
- ^ Oganesyan, Natalie (18 November 2020). "The Story of 'Silent Night', as Told and Sung by Kelly Clarkson, Josh Groban, Joss Stone and More, Set for CW Special". Variety. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
- ^ Silent Night – A Song for the World (2018) at IMDb
- ^ "Percy Sledge – Silent Night". Dutchcharts.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Piekpositie: 10
- ^ "Tom Tomson – Silent Night". Ultratop.be (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Piekpositie: 21
- ^ "Tom Tomson – Silent Night". Ultratop.be (in French). Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Top: 10
- ^ "The Cats – Silent Night". Dutchcharts.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Piekpositie: 21
- ^ "Sinéad O'Connor – Silent Night". Dutchcharts.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Piekpositie: 71
- ^ "Enya – Oíche Chiúin (Silent Night)". australian-charts.com. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
- ^ "Josh Groban – Noche de Paz (Silent Night)". Norwegiancharts.com. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Peak: 5
- ^ "Chart History: Josh Groban – Adult Contemporary". Billboard. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Silent Night – Peaked at #19
- ^ "Glasvegas – Silent Night (Noapte de Vis)". Swedishcharts.com. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Peak: 42
- ^ "Chart History: Mariah Carey – Digital Song Sales". Billboard. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Silent Night – Peaked at #67
- ^ "Elvis Presley – Silent Night (Chanson)". Lescharts.com (in French). Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Top: 120
- ^ "Nat "King" Cole – Silent Night (Chanson)". Lescharts.com (in French). Retrieved 22 August 2021.
Top: 125
- ^ "Veckolista Heatseeker, vecka 52, 2017". Sverigetopplistan. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
External links
[edit]Media related to Silent Night at Wikimedia Commons
- "Song of peace – 'Silent Night' as a message of peace" Archived 12 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine
- Translation of all six verses of the German original
- Free arrangements for piano and voice from Cantorion.org
- Silent Night Chapel, origin of song
- Animated score of Schnittke's version on YouTube
- "Sinead O'Connor - Silent Night (Official Music Video)" on YouTube
- New instrumental arrangement 2021 "Adrien Melano - Christmas Silent Night (ADRM Productions)" on YouTube
- "Silent Night" on YouTube, from adaptation project "restored'hymns", recorded at the Magdeburg Cathedral "St. Sebastian" by the musicians of "ConTakt Music e.V." Germany, in January 2025